Modeling Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Allocation Problem with Emissions Considerations

Aims: This study proposes a bi-objective linear integer programming model for heterogeneous fleet VAP with emissions considerations. Profit maximization and minimization objectives are employed to handle economic environmental sustainability purposes. Background: Our literature survey shows that there is no the considerations simultaneously consider vehicle heterogeneity, penalty costs unmet demands, from transportation operations. Objective: The also make several scenario analyses on sustainable freight logistics management understand trade-offs among objectives. In problems, decision-makers need be able maintain profitability reduce emissions. Methods: this study, proposed Vehicle Allocation Problem (VAP) encountered in field of transportation. Results: numerical analyses, various practical assumptions can confronted by real life discussed. each analysis, total profit amounts revealed along other KPIs. results provided could useful terms understanding relations pillars VAPs. Conclusion: It thought has potential aid decision-making processes management. base case obtained under about nine times higher than minimization. When aim minimize emissions, found nearly one-tenth maximization. Supported additional it concluded might not economically viable environmentally-friendly companies. Therefore, companies have encouraged or forced take environmentally socially responsible actions through legislation. demonstrated legislative policies may affect plans differently such allocation systems.